The first case of Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) has been diagnosed in a 38-year-old man who returned from the UAE last week. The individual, a resident of Othayi village in Malappuram, developed symptoms shortly after arriving in the state and was admitted to the Government Medical College Hospital in Manjeri on Monday. The case was confirmed after tests were conducted at the virology lab at Kozhikode’s Government Medical College Hospital.
Global concerns
Kerala, the south western state of India’s Health Minister, Veena George, addressed the situation on Wednesday, emphasising the importance of vigilance, especially for those returning from abroad. She urged anyone who has recently travelled internationally and is experiencing symptoms of Mpox to seek medical attention immediately. In preparation for any potential rise in cases, the state has set up isolation wards in 14 hospitals, including medical colleges, to ensure that the healthcare system is ready to handle the situation effectively.
This case highlights the ongoing global concerns around Mpox, especially with international travel playing a role in the spread of the disease. The individual who tested positive for Mpox initially self-quarantined at home once he noticed symptoms, avoiding contact with others. His prompt action, along with the state’s swift response, has been crucial in controlling any immediate spread. However, this case serves as a reminder that more efforts are needed to ensure that travellers are aware of the risks and know how to act if they suspect they have been exposed.
Last week, another person with suspected Mpox symptoms was admitted to Delhi’s Safdarjung Hospital, further underscoring the potential for imported cases across India.
Public health emergency.
Mpox, which is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), was declared a ‘Public Health Emergency of International Concern’ by the World Health Organization (WHO) last month. This is the highest level of alert that the WHO can issue, reflecting the global seriousness of the situation. The virus typically spreads through close contact with an infected person or contaminated materials, and while it’s been known to cause outbreaks in parts of Africa for decades, the recent spread to other parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and now India, has raised new concerns.
According to Health Minister Veena George, Kerala is prepared to handle the situation, but public awareness is key. The state’s healthcare infrastructure has been bolstered, with isolation facilities ready to respond to any escalation in cases. The minister reiterated the need for people to be proactive and responsible, especially those who have recently travelled from countries where Mpox is prevalent. “Anyone returning from abroad who develops symptoms should immediately report to the nearest health facility for testing and treatment,” she stated.
While the WHO has declared Mpox a public health emergency, experts in India have assessed the potential risk and noted that the threat of a large outbreak remains relatively low. They believe that while there is a chance of imported cases, such as the one confirmed in Kerala, sustained transmission within the country is unlikely at this point.
The symptoms of Mpox are somewhat similar to those of smallpox, although typically less severe. Common symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, swollen lymph nodes, and a characteristic rash that often begins on the face and spreads to other parts of the body. It’s important for individuals to recognise these symptoms early, particularly after returning from travel, as early detection and isolation can prevent the spread of the virus.
Public health response system
In Kerala, the government’s preparedness is a reflection of the state’s strong public health response system, which has been tested in the past by other outbreaks, such as the Nipah virus and COVID-19. Isolation facilities have been established in all major medical institutions, and healthcare workers are on alert to manage any potential rise in cases. The government is also actively monitoring the situation and working closely with the central health authorities to ensure that all necessary precautions are in place.
However, there is also a need for continued public awareness and cooperation. While the government is doing its part by ensuring hospitals are ready and healthcare workers are trained, the public must remain informed and cautious. Minister George’s message is clear: anyone experiencing symptoms, especially after international travel, must not delay seeking medical attention. Self-quarantining, like the patient in Malappuram did, is a responsible first step, but official testing and treatment are essential to control the spread.
As the situation continues to evolve, it’s crucial for Kerala—and India as a whole—to remain vigilant. The risk of Mpox spreading widely may be low for now, but with the increasing mobility of people across borders, there is always the possibility of more imported cases. The government’s proactive approach, combined with public cooperation, can help prevent any significant escalation of the situation.
Kerala’s first confirmed case of Mpox is a reminder that the virus remains a global health concern, but with the right precautions, the risk of a widespread outbreak in India can be minimised. People returning from abroad must stay alert, and anyone experiencing symptoms should act quickly to prevent further transmission. As Health Minister Veena George emphasised, the key to controlling this disease lies in early detection, proper treatment, and a community-wide effort to stay informed and cautious.
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